彩色多普勒超声在诊断致密型乳腺癌患者术后对侧乳腺癌中的价值

目的:探讨彩色多普勒超声检查在提高致密型乳腺癌患者术后对侧乳腺癌(contralateral breast cancer,CBC)检出率中的应用价值。方法:对我院乳腺癌患者行术后常规乳腺超声及钼靶检查，229名患者考虑对侧乳腺病变，根据腺体含量对其进行分型，并应用BI-RADS分级对病变进行评估。结果:超声诊断CBC的特异性、准确率与阳性预测值均明显好于钼靶检查，致密型乳腺钼靶CBC检出率明显下降，超声检查CBC检出率明显增高，BI-RADS 4A与4B分级中脂肪型及少量腺体型乳腺钼靶CBC的检出率明显高于超声检查，BI-RADS 4C与5分级中，乳腺分型对超声及钼靶筛查CBC的结果影响不大。结论:超声及钼靶的联合检查在CBC的检出中发挥重要作用，而乳腺分型与BI-RADS分类诊断对乳腺肿瘤的临床诊断效能和应用价值意义重大。     

Evaluation of cisplatin-hydrogel for improving localized antitumor efficacy in gastric cancer

Gastric cancer, one of the most common disease, has become a major public health problem worldwide. Cisplatin (DDP) has been a widely used drug for the treatment of cancer, also usually applied in gastric cancer in clinic. However, the side effects including toxicity and drug-resistance restricted the usage of DDP in clinic, so we prepared a DDP-complexed hydrogel (DDP-Gel) and investigated its efficacy in gastric cancer. For in vivo studies, MKN45-Luc cells were injected into BLAB/C node mice subcutaneously to establish gastric cancer with orthotopically grown tumors. Mice bearing tumors were treated with normal saline, DDP and DDP-Gel. Body weight and survival condition were observed and recorded. The treatment efficacy in vivo was detected by luciferase imaging and histological evaluation was performed by H&E staining of different organs. Additionally, normal ICR mice were treated with different doses of DDP/DDP-Gel to calculate their LD₅₀ in vivo. The results showed that DDP-Gel prolonged survival time and ameliorated body weight changes of mice bearing tumors. DDP-Gel exhibited higher efficacy to inhibit tumor growth and metastasis, compared to DDP. Besides, LD₅₀ of DDP-Gel was 166.0?mg/kg, 13.2 folds higher than DDP. As a conclusion, DDP-Gel showed a more effective and safer function than DDP in gastric cancer, which indicating that DDP-Gel might be a novel strategy for gastric cancer therapy.     

Cardiac Denervation for Arrhythmia Treatment with Transesophageal Ultrasonic Strategy in Canine Models

Stellate ganglion (SG) modification has been investigated for arrhythmia treatment. In this study, transesophageal SG imaging and intervention were explored using a homemade 30F integrated focused ultrasonic catheter in healthy mongrel canines in vivo. Anatomic details of SGs were ultrasonically imaged and evaluated. SG had a heterogeneous echoic structure and characteristic profiles sketched by hyper-echoic outlines in an ultrasonogram. Left SGs in the experimental group were successfully ablated through the esophagus under ultrasonic guidance provided by the catheter itself. Two weeks after the ablation, the QT and QTc of the experimental group decreased compared with those of the sham group and at baseline (both p values < 0.001). Histologic examination revealed that left SGs were destroyed. No major complications were observed. This approach may be further explored as a method for ganglia remodeling evaluation and as a strategy of ganglia modification for arrhythmia and for other diseases.     

Wnt/β-catenin links oxidative stress to podocyte injury and proteinuria

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药学服务转型与药学志愿服务模式初探

目的：探索新时期药学服务转型与药学志愿者服务模式的转型。方法：伴随着医院药学服务转型，探索该院药学志愿者服务的三阶段发展模式。结果：药学服务逐渐转型的同时，药学志愿服务作为一种新型的药学服务模式，对合理用药带来了巨大的影响。结论：互联网+时代的药学志愿服务是我院药事科的一项新举措。如何更好地发展信息时代的药学服务与药学志愿服务，是药学人员需要深入思考的问题之一。     

靶向沉默髓鞘转录因子MyT1对脑胶质瘤细胞恶性生物学行为的影响

目的 探讨靶向沉默髓鞘转录因子1（MyT1）对人脑胶质瘤细胞迁移、侵袭和黏附的影响和相关分子机制。方法 设计特异性靶向沉默MyT1基因的shRNA，包装慢病毒后感染人脑胶质瘤U-118MG和U-87MG细胞，qPCR和Western blot检测两种细胞中MyT1的表达水平，BrdU实验、细胞划痕实验、Transwell实验和细胞黏附实验分别检测两种细胞的迁移、侵袭和黏附能力的变化，qPCR检测细胞黏附和肿瘤转移相关基因的表达水平。结果 在HEK293T细胞中包装了特异性靶向MyT1基因的shRNA慢病毒，并成功感染了U-118MG和U-87MG细胞；两种细胞中MyT1 mRNA和蛋白表达水平均显著下调（均P<0.05），细胞的迁移、侵袭和黏附能力均有一定程度的降低（均P<0.05），细胞黏附相关基因表达水平显著下降，肿瘤转移相关基因表达水平显著上升（均P<0.05）。结论 靶向沉默MyT1基因对人脑胶质瘤U-118MG和U-87MG细胞的迁移、侵袭和黏附能力有抑制作用，其机制可能与调控细胞黏附和肿瘤转移相关基因的表达有关。MyT1基因的表达，可能是脑胶质瘤诊疗的一个潜在靶标。     

自然疗养因子的作用机制研究进展

自然疗养因子所涵盖的内容丰富,其生物学效应及形成复杂。现代疗养学在形成过程中相继提出自然疗养因子对机体作用的理论或假说。随着医学模式的转变和现代医学的发展,自然疗养因子作用机制研究从分子、细胞到组织器官,涉及机体物质代谢、神经系统、内分泌和免疫等功能的相互作用,形成整体的各个水平产生适应的作用机制;研究证实自然疗养因子的作用最根本的表现为改善机体内环境稳态和机体与外环境间的平衡,是靠机体的适应性反应机制实现的;其次与祖国医学“天人合一”整体观一脉相承。近年来,研究证实环境因素通过基因的重返表达对表观遗传产生影响,同时疗养因子参与机体的生物节律调控不断深入,机体对自然疗养因子的应答反应是受到多种因素的影响,包括机体状态、疗养因子的种类、性质、作用剂量、应用时间、季节及个体差异等。本文主要对自然疗养因子的作用机制及对机体的作用等方面进行总结。